Avid DIY car enthusiasts and professional mechanics alike understand the invaluable role of jack stands in their work. Jack stands are critical for vehicle safety when you’re performing any form of maintenance or repair underneath a vehicle.
But one question often comes up when procuring these essential tools: what size jack stands do I need? This article will take you through everything you need to know about selecting the right size jack stands for your needs.
Understanding Car Weight and Jack Stand Capacity
Before we delve into the specifics of jack stand sizes, it’s vital to grasp two key concepts: vehicle weight and jack stand capacity.
Vehicle Weight
When it comes to vehicles, two types of weight are most relevant: the curb weight and the gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR). Curb weight refers to the total weight of the vehicle without passengers or cargo but includes the weight of essential fluids like fuel and oil. On the other hand, GVWR is the maximum allowable weight of the vehicle, including passengers, cargo, and the vehicle’s curb weight. This latter measure is crucial when choosing jack stands.
Jack Stand Capacity
Jack stands come with a weight rating, which refers to the maximum weight they can safely support. This rating is determined through rigorous testing procedures to ensure safety and reliability. It’s essential to remember that the weight rating is per stand, and usually, you will use two stands together, effectively doubling the capacity.
Importance of Choosing the Right Size of Jack Stands
Selecting the appropriate size jack stands for your vehicle isn’t a matter of convenience; it’s a matter of safety and efficacy. Improperly sized jack stands can result in unstable conditions that can lead to accidents or even damage your vehicle. Additionally, using jack stands that are either too low or too high for your car can make your maintenance or repair work less efficient and more strenuous.
Factors to Consider When Choosing Jack Stand Size
Choosing the right size jack stands involves more than simply knowing your vehicle’s weight. It’s about aligning a range of factors to your specific needs. Here are key aspects to consider:
Vehicle Weight
The first and most critical factor to consider is your vehicle’s GVWR. Ensure you understand this number, usually found in the vehicle’s manual or on a sticker inside the driver’s door jamb. Always choose jack stands with a weight rating that exceeds your vehicle’s GVWR.
Intended Use
Different maintenance tasks may require different types of jack stands. Routine tasks like oil changes might not require high-capacity stands, but heavier repair jobs involving removing large components might necessitate more robust options.
Vehicle Clearance
Your vehicle’s clearance – the space from the ground to its underside – is another crucial factor. For low-profile vehicles, low-rise jack stands may be ideal, while SUVs and trucks, which have higher ground clearances, may require taller stands.
Frequency of Use
Consider how frequently you’ll be using your jack stands. A casual DIY mechanic may not need as durable a stand as a professional mechanic who uses them daily.
Recommended Jack Stand Sizes for Different Vehicles
While individual circumstances may vary, here are some general recommendations for jack stand sizes based on vehicle type:
Compact Cars
Compact cars, which are typically lighter, can often be supported adequately by 2-ton jack stands. However, always check your vehicle’s GVWR to be sure.
Sedans
For sedans, which are generally heavier than compact cars but lighter than larger SUVs, 3-ton jack stands are commonly used.
SUVs and Crossovers
Due to their added weight and increased ground clearance, SUVs and crossovers typically require 3-6 ton jack stands.
Trucks
Trucks, especially full-sized pickup trucks, often need the added support of 6-ton jack stands due to their high GVWR.
Commercial Vehicles
Commercial vehicles, like cargo vans or bigger trucks, often require specialized equipment due to their significant weight and size. Always consult a professional for these vehicles.
How to Safely Use Jack Stands
No matter the size of your jack stands, safety should be your top priority. Here are some safety tips:
Proper Positioning Under the Vehicle
Ensure the jack stands are placed at the vehicle manufacturer’s suggested lift points. These are usually sturdy areas designed to support the vehicle’s weight.
Verifying Stability Before Starting Work
Before starting any work, always rock the vehicle gently to check the stability of the stands. If there is any movement, readjust the stands before proceeding.
Never Exceeding the Weight Limit of the Stands
Never use a jack stand to support the weight above its rated capacity. This could lead to catastrophic failure of the stand.
Importance of Using Jack Stands in Pairs
Always use jack stands in pairs for stability. Even if you’re lifting only one side of the vehicle, use two jack stands to distribute the weight evenly.
Common Mistakes to Avoid When Choosing and Using Jack Stands
Many people unknowingly make mistakes when choosing and using jack stands. Avoiding these can improve your safety and the effectiveness of your work:
Neglecting the Vehicle’s Weight
Never overlook your vehicle’s GVWR when choosing jack stands. Using stands that cannot support your vehicle’s weight can lead to dangerous situations.
Using Stands That Are Too High or Too Low for the Vehicle
Ensure that your jack stands are not too tall or too short for your vehicle. Incorrect height can lead to instability or difficulty in performing maintenance or repairs.
Not Inspecting the Jack Stands for Wear and Tear
Always inspect your jack stands before use. Look for signs of rust, cracks, or other damage that could compromise their safety.
Using a Jack Stand Without Appropriate Backup Safety Measures
Even with properly rated and positioned jack stands, it’s wise to have a backup safety measure, like a tire or additional stand, to catch the vehicle if the primary stands fail.
Conclusion
Choosing the right size jack stands is crucial for your safety and the effective maintenance or repair of your vehicle. By understanding your vehicle’s weight, considering your specific needs, and always prioritizing safety, you can ensure that you select the best jack stands for your requirements.
Remember, the goal isn’t merely to lift your vehicle; it’s to do so safely and efficiently, maximizing your productivity while minimizing risk.
